All about dinosaurs, fossils and prehistoric animals by Everything Dinosaur team members.
2 11, 2024

New Haolonggood Stegosaurus Models Reviewed by a Dinosaur Fan

By |2024-11-03T08:29:38+00:00November 2nd, 2024|Categories: Product Reviews|0 Comments

Our thanks to dinosaur model collector Carl who sent into Everything Dinosaur his review of the new Haolonggood Stegosaurus models.  As well as sending in his review, Carl kindly provided some information about the Stegosaurus genus.  In addition, we received some photos of his recently acquired models too.

Haolonggood Stegosaurus models.

A pair of Stegosaurus dinosaur models (Haolonggood figures. The model known as Sun Li (left) and Hao Si Wen (right). Picture credit: Carl.

Picture credit: Carl

Reviewing Haolonggood Stegosaurus Models

Here is the review sent into Everything Dinosaur:

I’d like to thank the award-winning team at the exceptional Everything Dinosaur for supplying these beautiful representations of the Late Jurassic thyreophoran clade – the majestic Stegosaurus in 1:35 scale from Haolonggood.

In 1877 the name Stegosaurus was first described as the “roofed lizard”, but Haolonggood have created a model called Stegosaurus ungulatus. In Greek and Latin, it means “clawed roofed lizard”.

Greek – stego = roofed.
Greek – saurus = lizard.
Latin – unguis = claw, hoof, nail.

It was originally thought that the dermal plates covered the animal’s body like the tiles on a roof. Hence the genus name meaning “roofed lizard”. This was not the case. Actually, the plates are not fused to the spinal vertebrae of the Stegosaurus skeleton.

In books, TV and film productions the plates are depicted on the top of the animal’s body. The plates could have been used for regulating body temperature, helping to keep the Stegosaurus cool in hot, humid climates. Or perhaps the plates were used to attract a mate, or to provide a threat display to deter an attack from predatory dinosaurs. I don’t think that anyone will know for sure, but I am confident our imaginations will fill the gaps.

A Haolonggood Stegosaurus figure (Sun Li).

A closer view of the Haolonggood Stegosaurus figure Sun Li. Picture credit: Carl.

Picture credit: Carl

The “Thagomizer” and its Origins

Stegosaurus plates had an irregular arrangement along the top of the animal’s body, from the base of the head to almost the end of the tail. At the end of the tail, it had large spikes. This arrangement of spikes is referred to as a “Thagomizer”. What a fantastic name!

To learn how the “Thagomizer” term came into common usage: How the “Thagomizer” was Named.

These spikes were no doubt defensive weapons. They were used to protect the animal and any offspring from theropod dinosaurs.

Haolonggood have done an impressive, and highly detailed sculpt for their take on Stegosaurus. There are three colour variants to choose from. Two of the three have a flamboyant paint application. However, once in the hand the colour scheme is not as vibrant as the promotional images.

A graceful gait, a high hip girdle as well as long hind legs and an almost horizontal tail gives the appearance of a very elegant animal indeed. A very narrow head with its small beak and the throat armour are also nicely done.

View the Haolonggood range of prehistoric animal models: Haolonggood Prehistoric Animals.

The Haolonggood Stegosaurus model (Hao Si Wen).

The Haolonggood Stegosaurus model (Hao Si Wen) on display. Picture credit: Carl.

Picture credit: Carl

The Colour of Stegosaurs

I think a lot of herbivorous dinosaur taxa would not have had vibrant and flamboyant colouration. Such colour patterns could easily attract predatory dinosaurs. So, I don’t think that would have been the case. Camouflage would have been best and a safer colour design in nature, whether it was an extant animal or an animal that lived millions of years ago.

Nonetheless, Haolonggood’s version of Stegosaurus are still impressive figures. I would like to add that for anyone who is interested in the world of dinosaurs and prehistoric animals, please make your purchases from the fantastic team members at Everything Dinosaur.

Trust me, you will never be disappointed in the service that is provided.

I hope this review has been informative to some degree and enjoyable for all the people who are fascinated by dinosaurs.

I would like to send my sincere thanks and gratitude to the ever-hard-working team members at the simply exceptional Everything Dinosaur – thank you!

Our thanks to Carl for sending in his review and photographs of the Haolonggood Stegosaurus models.

Visit the award-winning Everything Dinosaur website: Dinosaur Toys.

1 11, 2024

New Baryonyx Model Arrives on a Memorable Date

By |2024-11-01T16:02:34+00:00November 1st, 2024|Categories: PNSO Age of Dinosaurs Models|0 Comments

The new PNSO Baryonyx model has arrived at Everything Dinosaur.  The delivery coincides with an important date in the history of spinosaurids.  For, as the PNSO Maxim the Baryonyx was being unloaded, our thoughts turned to November 1st 1986.  It was on this day thirty-eight years ago that the scientific paper describing Baryonyx (B. walkeri) was published. Sadly, the two authors of that publication Alan J. Charig and Angela Milner have both passed away. However, as we unloaded the boxes today, we took time out to reflect on their immense contribution to vertebrate palaeontology.

Three examples of the new PNSO Baryonyx model.

A trio of Baryonyx boxes. The new PNSO Maxim the Baryonyx models arrived on the day of the anniversary of the scientific publication announcing Baryonyx walkeri (published in the journal Nature). Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

The PNSO Baryonyx Model (Maxim the Baryonyx)

PNSO have made several spinosaurid figures.  However, this is the first, large Baryonyx model that the company has produced.  This figure measures twenty-four centimetres long.  The head height is around nine centimetres.  This beautiful Baryonyx has an articulated lower jaw.

Maxim the Baryonyx

Wandering close to the water. An image of the new for 2024 Maxim the Baryonyx dinosaur model.

The Maxim the Baryonyx figure is supplied with a sixty-four page, full-colour booklet and an A3-sized Baryonyx poster.  Baryonyx is one of our favourite theropods.

To see the PNSO range of prehistoric animal models available from Everything Dinosaur: PNSO Age of Dinosaurs Models.

The title of the 1986 scientific paper was “Baryonyx, a remarkable new theropod dinosaur”, it introduced an entirely different type of carnivorous dinosaur.  It is wonderful to see that, thirty-eight years later, Baryonyx is still fascinating collectors and dinosaur fans.

Alan Charig and Angela Milner significantly advanced our understanding of prehistoric life through their ground-breaking discoveries.  During our busy day, we spared a few moments to remember them.

The award-winning Everything Dinosaur website: Dinosaur Models and Toys.

1 11, 2024

New CollectA Models for 2025 – Part 1

By |2024-11-01T14:51:56+00:00November 1st, 2024|Categories: CollectA Age of Dinosaurs Popular and CollectA Prehistoric Life Models|0 Comments

Everything Dinosaur in collaboration with CollectA reveal two new prehistoric animal models for 2025. A new horned dinosaur – Furcatoceratops and an eurypterid.  The eurypterid is a replica of the giant “sea scorpion” Jaekelopterus (J. rhenaniae).

  • CollectA Age of Dinosaurs Popular Furcatoceratops.
  • CollectA Deluxe 1:20 scale Jaekelopterus rhenaniae.
The CollectA Age of Dinosaurs Popular Furcatoceratops model.

The CollectA Age of Dinosaurs Popular Furcatoceratops model.

At this time, we are not certain when these two CollectA prehistoric animal models will be in stock at Everything Dinosaur.  However, we estimate that they might be available in the spring (2025).

New for 2025 the CollectA Jaekelopterus model in 1:20 scale.

New for 2025 a scale model of Jaekelopterus rhenaniae.

New CollectA Prehistoric Animal Models (Part 1)

Furcatoceratops (pronounced Fur-kat-toe-sera-tops), is the latest horned dinosaur addition to the Age of Dinosaurs Popular range.  CollectA have been keen to highlight the great variety and diversity of North American ceratopsians.  Furcatoceratops (F. elucidans) joins other centrosaurines in this range such as Nasutoceratops, to which it was closely related.  It was formally named and described in 2023 (Ishikawa et al). Its large brow horns curved sharply downwards, and these have been carefully depicted in this new CollectA figure.

CollectA Age of Dinosaurs Furcatoceratops.

The new for 2025 CollectA Furcatoceratops model shown in lateral view.

The fossil material comes from the famous Judith River Formation of Montana.  The predominantly green-coloured body contrasts nicely with the carefully painted head in the images of a prototype CollectA kindly provided.

To read Everything Dinosaur’s 2023 blog post about Furcatoceratops elucidansFurcatoceratops – A New Centrosaurine.

CollectA Age of Dinosaurs Furcatoceratops dinosaur model.

The model has different-sized epoccipital bones lining the frill. This layout reflects the known fossil material.

Detailed Epoccipitals

The picture (above) shows the beautiful frill of Furcatoceratops more clearly.  The epoccipitals (bones lining the frill) are not all uniform and the same size.  This arrangement of epoccipitals reflects what is seen in the holotype fossil material.

It has been estimated that Furcatoceratops grew to about 4 metres in length.  This could mean a model of around ten centimetres in length with an approximate scale of 1:40.

To view the range of CollectA Age of Dinosaurs Popular figures in stock: CollectA Prehistoric Life Figures.

The CollectA Deluxe Jaekelopterus rhenaniae

CollectA have gained a reputation for creating wonderful replicas of prehistoric invertebrates.  Collectors have been after an eurypterid figure for years, and CollectA have delivered. The CollectA model represents Jaekelopterus rhenaniae (Yak-kel-op-ter-us ren-an-ee-aye), one of the largest arthropods to have ever lived.

The CollectA Deluxe 1:20 scale Jaekelopterus with prey.

The Jaekelopterus figure is holding a jawless fish in its huge claw (chelicera).

The prototype images provided by the manufacturer show some amazing details.  For example, the figure has large, compound eyes and dorsal ocelli (light-sensitive organs) located on the top of the head.  Remarkably, CollectA have been able to include a small replica of a jawless fish.  Jaekelopterus rhenaniae was probably the apex predator in the Early Devonian waterways of what was to become Germany.

It probably hunted primitive fish. The fish prey represents a generic jawless agnathan.  It is probably based on a group of prehistoric fish called Pteraspidiformes.  This was one of the last times in our planet’s history that an invertebrate was top of the food chain hunting vertebrates.

The model is predominantly a mottled brown but with patches of green on it.  When the underside of the model is viewed (see below), there are no green patches.

The underside of the CollectA Jaekelopterus figure.

A view of the underside of the Jaekelopterus model.  The reproductive organ can be seen as can the vent in the pretelson. The mouth parts have been carefully reconstructed along with the appendages.

The absence of any green colouration on the underside suggests that the green patches depict algae growing on the exoskeleton.  It is likely that algae did grow on this large predator as it lurked in the water ready to ambush its next victim.  The limbs were too weak to support this animal on land so, it was probably entirely aquatic.  The algae would benefit this predator. It would have helped to camouflage it.

We believe the CollectA Deluxe Jaekelopterus figure will be approximately sixteen centimetres in length.  At this size it would fit with an approximate scale of 1:20.

To view the range of CollectA Deluxe figures available from Everything Dinosaur: CollectA Deluxe Prehistoric Animal Figures.

A spokesperson from Everything Dinosaur thanked the manufacturer for providing the additional images.  It is likely that these two CollectA prehistoric animal figures will be in stock in the spring of 2025 or thereabouts.

Hopefully, more new CollectA prehistoric animals next Friday.

Visit the Everything Dinosaur award-winning website: Dinosaur and Prehistoric Animal Models.

31 10, 2024

Packing Dinosaur Toys: We Tried to Make an Impressive Video

By |2024-10-31T14:21:19+00:00October 31st, 2024|Categories: Everything Dinosaur videos|0 Comments

At Everything Dinosaur, we take great pride in our customer service. We take care when it comes to packing up prehistoric animal models and dinosaur toys for customers. However, packing orders can sometimes lead to unexpected hilarity. For example, we thought it would be a good idea to produce a YouTube short, highlighting our packing prowess.

Sue showcased her impressive packing skills. She expertly packed a Beasts of the Mesozoic figure. Watching her work was poetry in motion. Within a few seconds the box had been assembled, protective packing materials added, and the prehistoric animal figure safely and securely packed inside.

As for me, things did not go as well. Watch our YouTube short to see what happens 🙂

Video credit: Everything Dinosaur

Subscribe to Everything Dinosaur on YouTube: Subscribe to Everything Dinosaur on YouTube.

Packing Dinosaur Toys

Sue is certainly an expert at packing and despatching parcels. Meanwhile, Mike found himself on the other side of the packing table, struggling to locate the parcel tape. While Sue swiftly packaged our beloved dinosaur toys, he fumbled around like a T. rex trying to tie its shoelaces.

Our viewers loved the contrast between Sue’s packing prowess and Mike’s struggles. It’s a reminder that while we take our prehistoric animal models and dinosaur toys seriously, we don’t always take ourselves seriously.

A trio of PNSO Lufengosaurus models.

Mike of Everything Dinosaur with three Lufengosaurus dinosaur models. It might be better for him to bring the models to the packing room for Sue to pack. Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

If you want a good chuckle and to see how we ensure your dinosaur toys arrive safely, check out our YouTube short! Who knew packing could be this much fun?

In the meantime, for some serious prehistoric animal figures and dinosaur toys, take a look at the Everything Dinosaur website: Dinosaur Toys and Prehistoric Animal Models.

30 10, 2024

The New Beasts of the Cenozoic Black Smilodon Model is Reviewed

By |2024-10-30T15:24:25+00:00October 30th, 2024|Categories: Product Reviews|0 Comments

Our thanks to William who sent into Everything Dinosaur a review of one of his recent purchases. He had recently acquired the new Beasts of the Cenozoic black Smilodon articulated figure.  This replica of Smilodon populator has twenty-one points of articulation.  The model is supplied with two interchangeable heads.  One head depicts this predator with a gaping mouth, the other provides a more passive closed mouth expression.  William commented that he loved both head sculpts.  However, he expressed a preference for the gaping mouth look with the articulated lower jaw.

He commented:

“The fearful wide maw of roaring is how we picture the Smilodon in the heat of action with prey or foe.”

The packaging was praised along with the beautiful artwork by the renowned palaeoartist Raph Lomotan.

Beasts of the Cenozoic Smilodon packaging.

The Beasts of the Cenozoic black Smilodon product packaging. The front of the box (top) and the back of the box providing some information on the Smilodon genus (bottom). Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

The Beasts of the Cenozoic Black Smilodon

It was pointed out that this figure was in 1:12 scale, although a 1:18 scale figure is planned. William commented that the orange-coloured eyes compliment the head sculpts and the choice of colour around the snout was praised. Moreover, the ability to change the ears makes the Creative Beasts series one of the very special model collections. Other clever little touches highlighted by the reviewer included the ability to show claws drawn or retracted and the removable neck ruff.

William explained:

“This figure captures both scientific and fantasy aspects all in one. I hold of the highest esteem the accurate life restorations of the Machairodontinae by the maestro Mauricio Anton as his art has no equal.”

The Beasts of the Cenozoic black Smilodon figure.

The Beasts of the Cenozoic black Smilodon figure shown in lateral view.

To view the range of Beasts of the Mesozoic/Beasts of the Cenozoic figures in stock: Beasts of the Mesozoic/Cenozoic Figures.

“Beyond the Black River”

William postulated that many collectors may have first encountered Smilodon within the pages of literature. For example, from Robert Erwin Howard’s Weird Tales story from 1935 “Beyond the Black River”.

The reviewer kindly provided a quotation:

“The creature that stood in the gate was like the embodiment of nightmare legend. Its colour was of a curious pale quality, which made it seem ghostly and unreal in the dim light. But there was nothing unreal about the low-hung savage head and the great curved fangs that glistened in the firelight. It was survival of an older, grimmer age, the ogre of many an ancient legend – a sabre-tooth tiger. No Hyborian hunter had looked upon one of those primordial brutes for centuries.”

In concluding his review William stated that the new Beasts of the Cenozoic black Smilodon model was an extremely accurate but equally beautiful Smilodon populator figure.

Furthermore, he summed up his latest acquisition with one word – “perfection.”

Our thanks to William for sending into Everything Dinosaur his Smilodon model review.

The award-winning Everything Dinosaur website: Prehistoric Animal Models and Toys.

29 10, 2024

Celebrating a Gifted Young Artist with an Exclusive Dinosaur Drawing

By |2024-10-29T14:47:48+00:00October 29th, 2024|Categories: Dinosaur and Prehistoric Animal Drawings|0 Comments

Our thanks to Alex who sent into Everything Dinosaur a fabulous T. rex drawing.  We had the pleasure of meeting Alex earlier this year and this budding artist is a keen collector of prehistoric animal figures.  Alex explained that green was used for the skin to represent the green in Everything Dinosaur’s logo. Each scale was individually shaded.

Mike from Everything Dinosaur with the T. rex drawing sent in by Alex.

Mike from Everything Dinosaur with the superb Tyrannosaurus rex illustration created by Alex. Picture credit: Alex/Everything Dinosaur.

Picture credit: Alex/Everything Dinosaur

Celebrating Young Artists: A T. rex Drawing

We enjoy receiving creative contributions from our customers.  This is a fantastic dinosaur drawing. It highlights the imagination of the artist. Moreover, we are flattered to hear that our logo inspired the green colour scheme.

Alex enclosed a short letter with the illustration. It explained that originally the Tyrannosaurus rex drawing was created on a tablet.  Once satisfied with the digital drawing, it was just a question of printing out a copy and despatching it to us.  At Everything Dinosaur, we encourage artists, it is great to be able to view their artwork. We believe in nurturing this talent. Every drawing tells a unique story.

This artwork reminds us of the joy dinosaurs bring. They inspire creativity and curiosity.  We are always keen to hear ideas and to see illustrations and prehistoric animal drawings.

In the letter, Alex confirmed the purchase of the new Beasts of the Cenozoic Smilodon populator figure. Furthermore, a quick Smilodon sketch was included.

A Smilodon illustration included in a letter to Everything Dinosaur.

In the letter accompanying the T. rex drawing, Alex included a sketch of the Beasts of the Cenozoic Smilodon. Picture credit: Alex/Everything Dinosaur.

Picture credit: Alex/Everything Dinosaur

This is not first time that Alex has sent a Smilodon illustration to Everything Dinosaur.  Back in 2023, we received an illustration of a sabre-toothed cat and an Allosaurus.

To see these two illustrations: Smilodon and Allosaurus Drawings Sent by Young Dinosaur Fan.

Alex explained that the black Smilodon populator figure was a favourite.  This is one of the new figures recently introduced into the Beasts of the Mesozoic/Cenozoic range.

To view the range of Beasts of the Mesozoic/Cenozoic figures in stock: Beasts of the Mesozoic/Cenozoic Figures.

Thanking our Customers

Mike from Everything Dinosaur commented that by highlighting the artwork and illustrations of customers, it builds confidence in young artists.  It also fosters a love for creativity and art.

He added:

“We encourage the sharing of art.  It is always a pleasure to hear ideas and to see illustrations.  We enjoy celebrating creativity.  Hopefully our prehistoric animal models will inspire more young artists.”

Our thanks once again to Alex for sending into Everything Dinosaur the wonderful T. rex drawing.

Visit the award-winning company website: Dinosaur and Prehistoric Animal Models.

28 10, 2024

Helpful Advice and Information About Beasts of the Mesozoic Theropod Stands

By |2024-10-28T13:32:09+00:00October 28th, 2024|Categories: Beasts of the Mesozoic Models|0 Comments

Team members have created a short YouTube video about the new Beasts of the Mesozoic theropod display stands.  Two sizes of display stand have been made available.  There is the “large size”, this is suitable for the super-sized 1:18 scale T. rex figure. In addition, there is the “medium size”.  This size of display stand is suitable for use with the Beasts of the Mesozoic tyrannosaur figures.  For example, the Bistahieversor, Lythronax and Daspletosaurus models.

To help customers, we made a short video.  The video focuses on the “medium size” theropod display stands. However, the “large size” stands can be assembled in the same way.

Video credit: Everything Dinosaur

The Beasts of the Mesozoic Theropod Display Stands

Our YouTube video lasts under three minutes. In the first part of the video, we explain about the new Beasts of the Mesozoic figures and the new stands.  We move onto examine the box contents.  Moreover, we highlight the two, round display bases and the foot pegs.  We then discuss how to assemble the stand, providing instructions and guidance.  Furthermore, we show how the cradle arm can be assembled.  Last but not least, we outline where these models and bases can be purchased.

Theropod display stands from Beasts of the Mesozoic.

The new Beasts of the Mesozoic theropod display stand (medium). Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

Video Contents
0:00 – New Beasts of the Mesozoic Figures!
0:30 – Box Contents.
1:01 – Using the Foot Pegs.
1:27 – Assemble your Display Stand.
2:00 – Insert the cradle arm.
2:27 – Where to Buy?

To view the range of Beasts of the Mesozoic models and figures in stock at Everything Dinosaur: Beasts of the Mesozoic Figures.

Box Contents

The medium sized theropod display stands consist of five modular parts.  There are two, circular foot bases.  These have a diameter of approximately five and a half centimetres (two and a half inches).  The box also contains a body cradle, the cradle arm and the wedge that connects the base pieces together.  The large size theropod display stand box contains similar components.  However, these pieces are bigger, for example the diameter of the circular foot bases are nine centimetres (in excess of three inches across).

Visit the Everything Dinosaur website: Prehistoric Animal Models and Figures.

27 10, 2024

The Importance of an Informative Customer Newsletter

By |2024-10-20T14:13:54+01:00October 27th, 2024|Categories: Everything Dinosaur Newsletters|0 Comments

The festive season is almost upon us.  In the exciting world of prehistoric animal models and dinosaur toys there is a lot going on.  Numerous new models have already been hinted at for 2025.  In addition, there are going to be model retirements too.  Keeping our customers updated is essential.  A helpful customer newsletter serves as a powerful tool to assist communication.  Our blog provides information, and this is complimented by our occasional customer newsletters that we email.

The CollectA Deluxe 1:100 scale Ruyangosaurus features in a company newsletter.

A well-crafted newsletter helps foster a deeper relationship with customers. Furthermore, it can help them to keep up with new model introductions.  Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

An Informative Customer Newsletter for Dinosaur Toys and Prehistoric Animal Models

A newsletter helps to build a stronger connection with customers.  Moreover, it can help to forge a deeper understanding about the industry.  By sharing information we keep our audience engaged.  However, the information must always be relevant and helpful. Regular communication builds trust and loyalty, encouraging customers to return for more.  Providing a free newsletter helps to inform collectors about developments and trends.  Newsletters help to inform but also enhance a company’s credibility.

The prehistoric animal toy industry is constantly evolving (appropriately), and staying updated on trends is helpful.  Customers have a fear of missing out when it comes to new figures.  By providing information and details regarding introductions we can help to minimise concerns about new model introductions.  In addition, we can keep subscribers informed about dinosaur toys and models coming back into stock.

Two Rebor Triceratops models "Trident King" and "Horn of Doom".

One of the recent customer newsletters informed subscribers about the arrival of Rebor figures back into stock.  For example, the two Rebor 1:35 scale Triceratops models. Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

Contact Everything Dinosaur to enquire about subscribing to our newsletter: Email Everything Dinosaur.

A Leading Brand in a Niche Market

Position your brand as a leader in the dinosaur toy niche by providing valuable information.  Everything Dinosaur is certainly a market leader and the company’s customer service and ability to deliver parcels all over the world is difficult to match.

Creating an informative customer newsletter is vital for any business supplying dinosaur toys.  A newsletter builds connections, highlights expertise and helps to keep customers updated.

The award-winning Everything Dinosaur website: Dinosaur Toys and Models.

26 10, 2024

A New “Silesaurid” – Gondwanax paraisensis Shedding Light on Dinosaur Origins

By |2024-10-27T08:46:17+00:00October 26th, 2024|Categories: Palaeontological articles|0 Comments

Researchers have named and described one of the oldest dinosauromorphs known to date.  This new archosaur has been named Gondwanax paraisensis and it has been classified as a silesaurid. Controversies remain over the phylogenetic position of the Silesauridae.  They are members of the Archosauria clade but are they a sister-group to the Dinosauria or early ornithischian dinosaurs?  Silesaurid fossils are crucial for comprehending the origins and early evolution of the dinosaurs. The fossils of Gondwanax reveal a suite of characteristics that can help palaeontologists to better understand the rise of the Dinosauria.

A life reconstruction of Gondwanax paraisensis.

A life reconstruction of Gondwanax paraisensis. Picture credit: Matheus Fernandes Gadelha.

Picture credit: Matheus Fernandes Gadelha

Gondwanax paraisensis

The fossilised remains were excavated from the Dinodontosaurus Assemblage Zone of the Santa Maria Formation (Ladinian-Carnian boundary).  The fossils are thought to be around 237 million years old. Basal silesaurids have two sacral vertebrae. However, Gondwanax had three. This is the oldest occurrence of this characteristic in the fossil record. Having at least three sacral vertebrae is a defining anatomical trait of dinosaurs.

Vertebra of Gondwanax paraisensis.

A close view of one of the vertebrae of G. paraisensis. Picture credit: Rodrigo Temp Müller.

Picture credit: Rodrigo Temp Müller

The Santa Maria Formation is found in the Rio Grande do Sul region of southern Brazil. The strata represent sediments laid down in the Middle and Upper Triassic. It preserves a remarkable vertebrate fauna including cynodonts, early dinosaurs, dinosauromorphs and rauisuchians.  The Dinodontosaurus Assemblage Zone is named after the dicynodont Dinodontosaurus, which is particularly abundant.

To read more about fossil discoveries from the Dinodontosaurus Assemblage Zone: One of the Oldest Dinosauromorphs.

A view of the Gondwanax fossil site.

A view of the fossil site location. The strata here is part of the Dinodontosaurus Assemblage Zone (AZ) of the Santa Maria Formation. Picture credit: Rodrigo Temp Müller.

Picture credit: Rodrigo Temp Müller

An Agile and Lightweight Animal

The researchers estimate that Gondwanax was a fast-running, agile animal. It measured around a metre in length and would have weighed between three and six kilograms.  The absence of any skull material has prevented the scientists from commenting on its diet, but it was much smaller than many of its contemporaries.  For example, the apex predator in the ecosystem was probably Prestosuchus chiniquensis. Now tentatively assigned to the Rauisuchia, P. chiniquensis measured nearly seven metres long. Gondwanax probably used its speed and agility to avoid the jaws of Prestosuchus.

Prestosuchus model.

The Wild Safari Prehistoric World Prestosuchus model.

The picture (above) shows a model of the fearsome Triassic predator Prestosuchus.  This figure is one of the prehistoric animals featured in the Wild Safari Prehistoric World range.

To view this range of models: Wild Safari Prehistoric World Models.

Details of Gondwanax paraisensi.

A life reconstruction of Gondwanax paraisensis (see human silhouette for scale). In addition, a skeleton reconstruction shown in lateral view (scale bar equals 50 cm) and a world map showing the approximate location of the fossil discovery. Picture credit: Matheus Fernandes Gadelha.

Picture credit: Matheus Fernandes Gadelha

Evidence of a Fourth Trochanter

The researchers are uncertain as to whether the disarticulated bones represent one animal or several individuals. The femur did reveal the presence of a fourth trochanter.  This is a knob-like protrusion located on the shaft of the femur that acted as an anchor point for muscles that helped to pull the hind leg backwards.  It is thought that the evolution of this feature on the thigh bone permitted members of the Dinosauria to develop a bipedal gait.

The author of the scientific paper, Dr Rodrigo Temp Müller commented that these anatomical features probably permitted Gondwanax to move around much more efficiently than other reptiles within the ecosystem.  The evolution of an efficient, upright gait might be one of the reasons for the eventual success and domination of the Dinosauria.

The femur (thigh bone) of Gondwanax-paraisensis.

The femur of Gondwanax paraisensis. The thigh bone preserves some signs of a 4th trochanter, which is a common characteristic shared by archosaurs. It is a knob-like process that indicates muscle attachment. The researcher suggests that the presence of this anatomical feature suggests that this silesaurid had “advanced locomotor capability”. Picture credit: Rodrigo Temp Müller.

Picture credit: Rodrigo Temp Müller

Fossil enthusiast Pedro Aurelio stumbled upon remains causing excitement in the scientific community at Paraiso do Sul, a location known for unearthing precursors to mammals and even a miniature crocodile species called Parvosuchus aurelioi. These fossil finds swiftly moved to the research hub at the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria’s Palaeontology Research Centre, where Dr Muller embarked on the delicate process of preparing and examining this piece of prehistoric life and carefully removing the surrounding rock matrix.

Niche Differentiation

Writing in the academic journal “Gondwana Research”, Dr Temp Müller comments that the co-occurrence of Gondwanax paraisensis and a second silesaurid (Gamatavus antiquus) in the same Assemblage Zone represents the oldest evidence of sympatry among “silesaurids” in South America. Two related species living at the same time in the same habitat.  In addition, the unique combination of sacral and hindlimb anatomical traits suggests distinct behaviours for these two species.  This could be an example of niche differentiation within the same ecosystem.

Rodrigo Temp Müller examining fossils of Gondwanax.

Author of the scientific paper Rodrigo Temp Müller examining fossils of Gondwanax. Picture credit: Janaína Brand Dillmann.

Picture credit: Janaína Brand Dillmann

Everything Dinosaur acknowledges the assistance of the author of the scientific paper in the compilation of this article.

The scientific paper: “A new “silesaurid” from the oldest dinosauromorph-bearing beds of South America provides insights into the early evolution of bird-line archosaurs” by Rodrigo Temp Müller published in Gondwana Research.

The award-winning Everything Dinosaur website: Prehistoric Animal Models.

25 10, 2024

Video Highlights Beast of the Mesozoic Models

By |2024-10-25T14:36:49+01:00October 25th, 2024|Categories: Everything Dinosaur videos|0 Comments

There has been a lot of interest in the new Beasts of the Mesozoic models.  Indeed, the black Smilodon in the Beasts of the Cenozoic range has also attracted a lot of attention.  With this in mind, we have put together a short video that shows these new figures.  In this YouTube video, Mike the narrator comments about these articulated prehistoric animal models.  In addition, he declares that the 1:18 scale Deinonychus figure is his current favourite.

Video credit: Everything Dinosaur

To view the range of Beasts of the Mesozoic/Beasts of the Cenozoic models in stock: Articulated Prehistoric Animal Models.

Beasts of the Mesozoic Models

In this short video, it lasts under sixty seconds, the narrator highlights the new prehistoric animal models.  Furthermore, the large and medium-sized theropod stands are shown.  The Allosaurus (A. fragilis) figure is discussed.  This dinosaur model has twenty-two points of articulation.  It is supplied with 3 sets of interchangeable feet with side-to-side pivot.  Moreover, this figure includes a transparent, adjustable display base. The box art was created by the famous palaeoartist Gabriel Ugueto.

There is a second shipment of models in this range due to arrive next month (November 2024).  This shipment will contain tyrannosaurs, ceratopsians and some raptors.

The Beasts of the Mesozoic Deinonychus figure in 1:18 scale.

The Beasts of the Mesozoic Deinonychus figure (D. antirrhopus). This theropod model has nineteen points of articulation. In addition, it is supplied with three sets of interchangeable feet.

The image (above) shows the Deinonychus antirrhopus model.  This figure is also in 1:18 scale and the packaging illustrations were also created by Gabriel Ugueto.

Mike added that prehistoric animal model fans and collectors had been eagerly awaiting the arrival of these new figures.

He explained:

“We have received lots of enquiries and as well as packing and despatching orders we have been answering these queries.  Collectors wanted to see the packaging and to gauge the actual size of the models.  So, we created a short video enabling viewers to see the packaging and the model sizes.”

The award-winning Everything Dinosaur website: Dinosaur and Prehistoric Animal Models.

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