Photos of Everything Dinosaur Products

11 10, 2020

Papo in Perspective – YouTube Video

By Mike|2024-03-17T09:59:15+00:00October 11th, 2020|Categories: Adobe CS5, Dinosaur Fans, Everything Dinosaur News and Updates, Everything Dinosaur Products, Everything Dinosaur videos, Main Page, Photos of Everything Dinosaur Products, Press Releases|0 Comments

Everything Dinosaur Presents “Papo in Perspective”

The next YouTube video that Everything Dinosaur has planned is a perspective on how Everything Dinosaur works with the French model and figure manufacturer Papo. Everything Dinosaur’s YouTube channel might have over 180 videos on it, but we have never before discussed in detail a single model making company in one of our videos.

Putting Papo Models in Perspective

Normally we focus on model and replica reviews and over the years we have posted dozens of videos dedicated to one Papo model or another. However, let’s do something different and provide a perspective on some of their new for 2020 additions, consider potential retirements as well as revealing a sure-fire way to identify a legitimate Papo model supplier. In the video we take a detailed look at Papo models.

Everything Dinosaur on YouTube

Everything Dinosaur, putting Papo in perspective — *Everything Dinosaur’s next YouTube review will focus on one model manufacturer rather than one prehistoric animal model.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

Providing Educational Video Reviews

At Everything Dinosaur, we hope to educate and inform when it comes to our video contents. There are lots of model reviews to be found on YouTube, however, we are the only company of our kind with a very real insight into the model making industry as well as the palaeontology behind fossil finds. You could say that Everything Dinosaur is uniquely placed to comment upon the science behind the design of prehistoric animal figures. Our YouTube channel contains lots of helpful videos about prehistoric animal models and figures. To visit our YouTube channel and to subscribe: Everything Dinosaur on YouTube.

To see the range of Papo prehistoric animal models available from Everything Dinosaur: Papo Prehistoric Animal Models.

The Papo Giganotosaurus Dinosaur Model will Feature in Everything Dinosaur’s YouTube Video

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

The Question of the Day

In addition, to looking at Papo’s current crop of prehistoric animal figures, we know that model collectors will be eagerly anticipating new figures for 2021. Manufacturers have the plans well advanced, but just for a bit of fun, we shall challenge our YouTube subscribers and video reviewers to come up with suggestions as to what replicas Papo ought to consider making in 2022.

A spokesperson from Everything Dinosaur commented:

” We always like to include a question or two in our video reviews and with our strong working relationship with Papo we thought it would be fun to challenge viewers to suggest what sort of figures Papo ought to make in 2022. There are more than fifty models in the Papo Les Dinosaures range, although not all of them are dinosaurs. There are certainly enough figures and replicas to inspire model collectors. We look forward to reviewing the suggestions and to passing them onto our pals at Papo. Team members are big fans of Papo models.”

Visit the Everything Dinosaur website: Everything Dinosaur.

6 10, 2020

The New Rebor T. rex Carcass “Bites the Dust” Reviewed

By Mike|2024-03-17T06:29:36+00:00October 6th, 2020|Categories: Adobe CS5, Dinosaur Fans, Everything Dinosaur Products, Everything Dinosaur videos, Main Page, Photos of Everything Dinosaur Products, Product Reviews|0 Comments

A Video Review of the Rebor T. rex Carcass Models “Bites the Dust”

With the recent arrival of the excellent Rebor Tyrannosaurus rex carcass models “Bites the Dust”, team members at Everything Dinosaur set about producing a video review of these 1:35 scale replicas and providing a guide to some of the science behind cannibalism in tyrannosaurs. The YouTube video we subsequently created reviews both “plain” and “jungle” colour variants as well as discussing intraspecific competition, pathology on tyrannosaur fossils and examines the injuries preserved on two famous T. rex fossil specimens.

Everything Dinosaur’s Review of the Rebor T. rex Carcass Models “Bites the Dust”

Video credit: Everything Dinosaur

To view the Rebor replica range including the Rebor Tyrannosaurus rex models: Rebor Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animal Models.

Pointing out the Pathology on the Rebor T. rex Carcass Models

As well as providing potential purchasers of a figure the opportunity to have a really good look at the model, at Everything Dinosaur, we try and build in a little bit of the science behind the study of prehistoric animals into our YouTube video reviews. For example, in this video review we examine the evidence which suggests that tyrannosaurs engaged in face biting and that they would have competed with each other for finite resources such as hunting grounds, access to water and territory.

Our video review provides details of the injuries identified on two famous T. rex fossil specimens, interpreted as evidence of fights between members of this species. We use our video review of the two “Bites the Dust” carcasses to point out some of the pathology associated with Tyrannosaurus rex fossil bones.

Pointing Out the Pathology on a Tyrannosaurus rex Carcass

The pathology on a T. rex carcass (Rebor "Bites the Dust"). — Pointing out the pathology on a T. rex carcass. The Rebor T. rex carcass “Bites the Dust” in the plain colour scheme is used to highlight the injuries depicted on the corpse. Evidence of a brutal fight between two apex predators. Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

The Everything Dinosaur website: Everything Dinosaur.

Using Rebor T. rex Models to Explain Intraspecific Competition

Building upon our objective of making videos that inform and educate, competition between members of the same species is examined and we look at the evidence that suggests that intraspecific competition, occurred in tyrannosaurs. We utilise Rebor dinosaur models to illustrate how animals of the same species might come into conflict with each other. The Rebor T. rex models, known as the “Killer Queen” figures make an appearance in the video review and the narrator comments on the similarity in the colour schemes between the “Bites the Dust” tyrannosaurs and the “Killer Queen” models.

Using Rebor Replicas to Illustrate Intraspecific Competition

Rebor T. rex models helping to illustrate intraspecific competition. — Using Rebor T. rex replicas to discuss the biological concept of intraspecific competition. Animals of the same species competing with each other for finite resources such as food and territory. Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

Find Everything Dinosaur’s YouTube video channel here: Our YouTube Channel (we recommend that you subscribe to Everything Dinosaur on YouTube).

5 10, 2020

The New Papo Stygimoloch Dinosaur Model

By Mike|2024-03-17T06:24:01+00:00October 5th, 2020|Categories: Adobe CS5, Dinosaur Fans, Everything Dinosaur News and Updates, Everything Dinosaur Products, Main Page, Photos of Everything Dinosaur Products, Press Releases, Product Reviews|0 Comments

The Papo Stygimoloch Dinosaur Model

In stock at Everything Dinosaur is the last dinosaur model to be introduced by the French figure and replica manufacturer Papo for 2020, the Papo Stygimoloch. This model represents a genus of bone-headed dinosaur that was formally named and described back in 1983 (Galton and Sues), from very fragmentary fossils associated with the Hell Creek Formation of North America.

The Papo Stygimoloch Figure

The New for 2020 Papo Stygimoloch Dinosaur Model

New for 2020 Papo Stygimoloch model. — *The new for 2020 Papo Stygimoloch dinosaur model.* *Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

Stygimoloch spinifer – Nomen dubium

The fragmentary remains that led to the erection of this genus included an unusual, piece of a left squamosal (bone from the top part of the back of the skull). This partial squamosal was ornamented by “three or four massive horn cores”. In their scientific paper describing S. spinifer, Galton and Sues referred other fragmentary pieces to this new genus including a skull bone that had previously thought to have come from a Triceratops.

As many pachycephalosaurs have been described based on very poorly preserved and extremely fragmentary remains this has led to the original interpretations being challenged by other academics. When dealing with small pieces of bone, a more cautious approach is usually taken, palaeontologists being all too aware of founding a new genus on a paucity of fossil remains.

Stygimoloch in Everything Dinosaur’s Studio

The Papo Stygimoloch dinosaur model. — *Displaying those prominent spikes on the back of the skull – Stygimoloch spinifer.* *Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

Visit the Everything Dinosaur website: Everything Dinosaur.

A number of reviews of the taxonomy and phylogeny of the pachycephalosaurs have taken place. Confusion has arisen as it is thought that these dinosaurs changed radically in appearance as they grew up and matured. Many palaeontologists regard Stygimoloch as a Nomen dubium, a genus of dinosaur whose validity is doubted. It is thought that the fossils associated with S. spinifer represent material from juvenile Pachycephalosaurus specimens (Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis).

The Papo Stygimoloch figure measures approximately thirteen centimetres long and it stands a little over eight centimetres high.

Popular Due to the Film “Jurassic World – Fallen Kingdom”

With such spectacular head gear, Stygimoloch continues to be a firm favourite amongst model collectors and fans of the Dinosauria. Stygimoloch found a whole generation of new admirers when a pachycephalosaur resembling it made a dramatic appearance in the 2018 film release “Jurassic World – Fallen Kingdom”. This highly successful film grossed more than $1.3 billion USD in cinema ticket sales worldwide. The film features a short scene in which a pachycephalosaur breaks down a wall, thus permitting the main protagonists of the film, Owen Grady (played by Chris Pratt) and Claire Dearing (Bryce Dallas Howard), to escape their captors.

To purchase the Papo Stygimoloch dinosaur model and the rest of the Papo model range: Papo Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animal Models.

4 10, 2020

Predatory Tactics of Prehistoric Felids

By Mike|2024-03-17T06:19:23+00:00October 4th, 2020|Categories: Dinosaur and Prehistoric Animal News Stories, Dinosaur Fans, Educational Activities, Everything Dinosaur News and Updates, Everything Dinosaur Products, Main Page, Photos of Everything Dinosaur Products, Press Releases|0 Comments

Predatory Tactics of Prehistoric Felids

In the summer, Everything Dinosaur was contacted by Kate from Nottingham University who was conducting research into the predatory habits of extinct felids. Our team members are contacted quite frequently by academics, museum staff and students requesting our advice and guidance. Kate wanted to know whether there were any replicas available that could represent Pseudaelurus, a genus of prehistoric cat that was both geographically and temporally widely distributed. In addition, our advice was sought over finding suitable models of Smilodon species, specifically S. fatalis, S. gracilis and S. populator.

Models of Prehistoric Felids

Smilodon Ambush – Creeping Up on a Young Mammoth

Smilodon ambushes a Woolly Mammoth calf. — Everything Dinosaur was asked about potential predator/prey interactions with specific reference to Smilodon. A beautifully composed diorama depicting a hunting strategy of the sabre-toothed cat Smilodon.

Picture credit: Kate/Nottingham University

Everything Dinosaur has been involved in a number of prehistoric mammal themed projects recently. Many museums around the world may have been closed due to the current pandemic but this has permitted exhibition organisers and curators the opportunity to review and revamp some of their public displays. For example, Everything Dinosaur was asked to supply replicas of several prehistoric elephants including Deinotherium and Palaeoloxodon antiquus (Straight-tusked elephant), to a German natural history museum as part of a display featuring the teeth of extinct members of the Proboscidae.

Our work is certainly diverse, no two days are the same.

Identifying Prehistoric Animal Models

Having worked with several academics previously on enigmatic sabre-toothed predators, including gorgonopsids, we were able to advise Kate on which prehistoric animal models could be used to differentiate between the various species and sub-species of Smilodon.

As part of her project work, Kate created some beautiful dioramas using these figures in a bid to replicate hunting behaviours.

For models and replicas of prehistoric felids and other extinct animals: Prehistoric Animal Models and Figures.

A Pair of Smilodon Tackle a Prehistoric Horse

A Smilodon diorama. — *Smilodon hunting. As apex predators these powerful animals would have preyed on a variety of animals including prehistoric horses, if they could get close enough to ambush them.*

Picture credit: Kate Nottingham University

Commenting upon the assistance received from Everything Dinosaur, Kate stated:

“Thank you for your help and advice with the Smilodon models and prey species. I had a lot of fun using them in my final project.”

A spokesperson from Everything Dinosaur commented:

“We get asked to work on all kinds of prehistoric animal related activities supplying models and figures to museums and other educational bodies all over the world. The replicas that we supply have proved extremely useful in helping to visualise ancient, prehistoric landscapes and to inform and educate visitors.”

The Everything Dinosaur website: Everything Dinosaur.

26 09, 2020

Rebor “Bites the Dust” and New Fossil Skulls

By Mike|2024-03-16T06:34:09+00:00September 26th, 2020|Categories: Adobe CS5, Dinosaur Fans, Everything Dinosaur News and Updates, Everything Dinosaur Newsletters, Everything Dinosaur Products, Main Page, Photos of Everything Dinosaur Products, Press Releases|0 Comments

Rebor “Bites the Dust” and Oddities Fossil Studies Skulls

Everything Dinosaur despatched a special newsletter to its subscribers earlier this month announcing the arrival of the two T. rex carcasses in the Rebor “Bites the Dust” model line. In addition, the newsletter announced that pre-orders were being taken for the exciting Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies Skulls (Wave 1). All three, beautiful theropod skulls, Yutyrannus huali, Ceratosaurus dentisulcatus and Carnotaurus sastrei were available to pre-order from Everything Dinosaur at very special prices.

The offers don’t just stop there, the newsletter included a special offer on the duo of dead dinosaurs too!

The Rebor “Bites the Dust” Tyrannosaur Carcasses (Plain and Jungle)

Rebor T. rex carcasses "Bites the Dust" plain and jungle colour variants. — The Rebor T. rex carcasses “Bites the Dust” provide the headlines for the latest Everything Dinosaur customer newsletter. Buy the pair at a special discounted price courtesy of Everything Dinosaur. *Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

Rebor “Bites the Dust” T. rex Didn’t Always Win!

The Rebor “Bites the Dust” figures are available in two colour schemes. Firstly, there is a brown dominated model called “plain”, there is a second model “jungle” with more of a greenish hue. These carefully constructed carcasses are in 1:35 scale and reflect the fact that tyrannosaurs like most predatory dinosaurs had very tough, short lives.

Most dinosaurs did not make it to adulthood and for tyrannosaurs such as T. rex, life at the top of the food chain was particularly hard. It was a question of kill or be killed, not only did these theropods have to battle horned dinosaurs and hadrosaurs, they also had to contend with attacks from their own kind as well. The fossil record provides evidence of tyrannosaurs biting other tyrannosaurs, for example, in 2010, a paper was published in PLOS One entitled “Cannibalism in Tyrannosaurus rex”. The eminent authors, Longrich, Horner, Erickson and Currie identified four T. rex specimens that preserved potential T. rex bites on their bones.

The Two T. rex Bites the Dust Carcass Models (Plain and Jungle)

The two Rebor "Bites the Dust" T. rex carcasses. — *The Rebor T. rex carcass plain (left) and the Rebor T. rex carcass jungle (right) two beautiful 1:35 scale replicas of a deceased Tyrannosaurus rex.* *Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

The scientists concluded that Tyrannosaurus rex routinely hunting full-grown members of its own species was unlikely, however, it is possible that intraspecific combat led to casualties, with the dead becoming a convenient source of food for the victorious T. rex. These figures show bite marks from another very large predator, since T. rex is the only enormous terrestrial carnivore known from the latest Upper Cretaceous deposits of North America, it can be inferred that these two Rebor models show the result of an intraspecific combat.

Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies Skulls

The newsletter also provided subscribers with details of the forthcoming Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies skulls, a set of three amazing theropod skulls, namely, C. sastrei, Y. huali and C. dentisulcatus. These museum quality replicas are available to pre-order from Everything Dinosaur.

The Rebor Ceratosaurus dentisulcatus and Yutyrannus huali Fossil Skulls

The Rebor Oddities Fossil Skulls (Ceratosaurus and Yutyrannus). — *The Rebor Oddities Fossil Skull Ceratosaurus dentisulcatus (left) with the Rebor Oddities Fossil Skull Yutyrannus huali.* *Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

Visit the Everything Dinosaur website: Everything Dinosaur.

Buy All Three Models

The three fossil skulls, regarded as the first wave in an intended series of skull models are likely to be in stock at Everything Dinosaur in November (2020). Customers have the opportunity to pre-order the replicas and to take advantage of a special offer to purchase all three Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies models.

A Trio of Amazing Fossil Skulls

Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies skulls. — *The Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies Carnotaurus sastrei model (left) and the opportunity to pre-order all three skulls at a special discounted price (right).*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

The Rebor “Bites the Dust” T. rex carcasses and the pre-order options for the fossil skulls can be found here: Rebor Models and Figures.

To subscribe to Everything Dinosaur’s newsletter, simply email the company and request a subscription: Email Everything Dinosaur to Subscribe to Newsletters.

25 09, 2020

New Rebor Titanoboa Models Ready to Pre-order

By Mike|2024-03-16T06:27:34+00:00September 25th, 2020|Categories: Adobe CS5, Dinosaur Fans, Everything Dinosaur News and Updates, Everything Dinosaur Products, Main Page, Photos of Everything Dinosaur Products, Press Releases|0 Comments

New Rebor Titanoboa Models Ready to Pre-order

The stunning Rebor Titanoboa Museum Class Maquette Monty Resurgent and the Rebor Titanoboa Museum Class Maquette Brian Diccus are available to pre-order at Everything Dinosaur. These amazing models of a Titanoboa (T. cerrejonensis) swallowing a crocodilian are going into production in the next few months and both replicas are expected in stock at Everything Dinosaur sometime around quarter two of 2021.

The New for 2021 Rebor Titanoboa Museum Class Maquette Monty Resurgent Figure

Rebor Titanoboa – Hot on the Heels of Monty

This year (2020), saw the release of the limited edition Rebor Titanoboa figure “Monty”, this beautiful replica of the largest snake described to date, sold out very quickly. Aware of how popular this prehistoric animal is Rebor have plans to introduce two more Titanoboa replicas. Each one “Monty Resurgent” and “Brian Diccus”, will have a single production run and they are going to be made in a few months’ time. Customers of Everything Dinosaur have the chance to secure their figures early.

The New for 2021 Rebor Titanoboa Museum Class Maquette Brian Diccus Replica

Pre-order Available from Everything Dinosaur

Both colour variants are available for pre-order. Customers can choose which figure they want and then add it to their shopping cart and go through the checkout process as per usual. However, with Everything Dinosaur, there are no fees to pay, no upfront costs, no surcharges, no deposit required.

Customers also need to note that due to the complexity of the pre-order checkout process, an order may contain only a single pre-order Titanoboa product, and no other products, pre-order or otherwise. If a customer adds a pre-order product to a non-empty cart, the cart will be automatically emptied and the pre-order product will be added. This means that if you want both Titanoboa colour variants, customers will have to place two pre-orders (one for each prehistoric snake figure).

The Rebor Titanoboa Museum Class Maquette Brian Diccus

Rebor Titanoboa is Praised

A spokesperson from Everything Dinosaur commented:

“These are two beautifully crafted figures. Each replica shows the anterior portions of the giant snake emerging out of the water as it gulps down its unfortunate victim. We look forward to bringing these products into our warehouse sometime around the early summer of 2021.”

The Everything Dinosaur website: Everything Dinosaur.

Swallowed Whole the Rebor Monty Resurgent Titanoboa Makes Short Work of a Large Crocodile

The two Rebor Titanoboa figures can be found on this part of Everything Dinosaur’s website: Rebor Models and Figures.

23 09, 2020

New Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies Dinosaur Skulls

By Mike|2024-03-19T14:43:31+00:00September 23rd, 2020|Categories: Adobe CS5, Dinosaur Fans, Everything Dinosaur News and Updates, Everything Dinosaur Products, Main Page, Photos of Everything Dinosaur Products, Press Releases|0 Comments

Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies Dinosaur Skulls

The Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies dinosaur skulls, a set of three, amazing museum quality theropod skull models are available to pre-order from Everything Dinosaur. The set referred to as “wave 1”, suggesting that more skull models are likely to be added to this range in the future, consists of replicas of the skulls of Carnotaurus (C. sastrei), Ceratosaurus (C. dentisulcatus) and Yutyrannus (Y. huali). Each replica has been carefully crafted and give the impression that a complete skull has been lifted from the surrounding rock matrix.

The Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies Yutyrannus huali Skull Replica

Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies Y. hauli skull model. — *The Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies Yutyrannus huali museum quality skull model.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

Tyrannosauroids, Abelisaurids and a Member of the Basal Ceratosauria Clade

Although each amazing figure represents a carnivorous theropod dinosaur, these three animals were very distantly related to each other. For example, Ceratosaurus dentisulcatus, regarded as one of the largest of the Ceratosaurus species, like all ceratosaurs, is part of a clade that diverged from the Coelurosauria Theropoda lineage that was ultimately to lead to the evolution of birds, during the Jurassic. Carnotaurus (C. sastrei) is a Late Cretaceous representative of the Abelisauridae, a family of predatory dinosaurs mostly associated with Africa, South America, India and the island of Madagascar. Although part of the Ceratosauria clade, Carnotaurus is both geographically and temporally very distant from Ceratosaurus.

The Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies Ceratosaurus Skull (C. dentisulcatus) Replica

Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies C. dentisulcatus museum quality skull model. — *The Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies Ceratosaurus dentisulcatus museum quality skull model. The characteristic nasal horn associated with this genus is prominent in the Rebor figure.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

Yutyrannus huali

Yutyrannus huali is known from the Liaoning Province of north-eastern China (Yixian Formation). It lived during the Early Cretaceous, approximately 125 million years ago. Many palaeontologists classify Yutyrannus as a member of the Proceratosauridae family and as such a member of the Tyrannosauroidea. The proceratosaurs, despite their name, which translates as “before ceratosaurs”, are not members of the Ceratosauria. The confusion arises due to the naming and description of Proceratosaurus bradleyi from a partial skull with a distinctive nasal horn associated with the Middle Jurassic Forest Marble Formation of Gloucestershire, England. When Proceratosaurus was named in 1910, it was proposed that it was an ancestor of Ceratosaurus.

Research carried out some seventy years later demonstrated that this was incorrect and that Proceratosaurus is in fact a very early representative of that lineage of theropods that was to eventually lead to the evolution of the tyrannosaurs and that most famous dinosaur of all T. rex.

The Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies Carnotaurus sastrei Replica

Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies C. sastrei museum quality skull model. — *The Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies Carnotaurus sastrei museum quality skull model.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

A spokesperson from Everything Dinosaur commented:

“Although these three figures represent very different theropod dinosaurs, they all reflect the same high quality standards we have come to expect from Rebor.”

Pre-order with Everything Dinosaur

All three Rebor skull models are now available for pre-order from Everything Dinosaur.

No prepayment fees
Money up front is not needed
No deposit required
No payment required until the item is available for despatch
Orders can be cancelled at any time prior to payment becoming due on the release date

We are expecting these figures to be in stock around week commencing 2nd of November (2020)

Visit the Everything Dinosaur website: Prehistoric Animal Models and Toys.

Everything Dinosaur is also offering the set of three skulls at a special discount (whilst stocks last).

Buy All Three Rebor Skull Replicas Together!

A special offer on a set of Rebor fossil skulls. — *Buy all three Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies museum class fossil skulls (whilst stocks last).* *Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

To find the Rebor Oddities Fossil Studies skulls visit this section of Everything Dinosaur’s website: Rebor Models and Figures.

19 09, 2020

Spinosaurus – Very Much at Home in the River

By Mike|2024-03-15T17:06:40+00:00September 19th, 2020|Categories: Adobe CS5, Dinosaur and Prehistoric Animal News Stories, Dinosaur Fans, Main Page, Photos of Everything Dinosaur Products, Photos/Pictures of Fossils|0 Comments

Spinosaurus A River Monster

An examination of more than a thousand fossil dinosaur teeth collected from an ancient Cretaceous-aged riverbed in Morocco suggests that the giant theropod Spinosaurus was very much at home in an aquatic environment. This new study, conducted by researchers from the University of Portsmouth, lends further support to the idea that Spinosaurus spent a great deal of time in water, that this enormous theropod, arguably one of the largest of all the carnivorous dinosaurs was a “river monster”.

More Evidence Suggests that Spinosaurus was an Aquatic Animal

Swimming Spinosaurus (2020) — *View of the crocodile-like snout of Spinosaurus and the new interpretation of the tail. This new paper supports the earlier hypothesis that Spinosaurus aegyptiacus was an aquatic animal.*

Picture credit: Davide Bonadonna/National Geographic

This new study builds on a research paper published in the journal “Nature”, earlier this year, which also involved co-author Professor David Martill (University of Portsmouth). The May (2020) paper focused on the examination of Spinosaurus aegyptiacus caudal vertebrae, it was concluded that Spinosaurus had a wide, flexible, fin-like tail, ideal for helping the dinosaur to propel itself through the water.

To read more about the Spinosaurus tail bones: Spinosaurus – The River Monster.

A Study of Fossil Teeth from the Kem Kem Formation

Writing in the academic journal “Cretaceous Research”, the scientists conclude that Spinosaurus was a water-dwelling dinosaur, a giant “river monster”.

A total of 1,200 broken teeth were collected from the site of an ancient riverbed in the Kem Kem Formation of Morocco. Each tooth was carefully analysed and documented and it was discovered that Spinosaurus teeth made up the majority of the fossil specimens.

Professor David Martill, Professor of Palaeobiology at the University of Portsmouth explained:

“From this research we are able to confirm this location as the place where this gigantic dinosaur not only lived but also died. The results are fully consistent with the idea of a truly water-dwelling, “river monster”.”

Examples of Typical Fossils from the Kem Kem Formation (Morocco)

Fossil remains (Kem Kem beds). — Assorted vertebrate fossil remains from the Kem Kem beds of Morocco. The elongated conical tooth (top left) and the large, slender conical tooth which is partially obscured (far left) are likely to be spinosaurid.

Studying Spinosaurus

Around forty-five percent of all the teeth fossils were ascribed to Spinosaurus.

Professor Martill added:

“The huge number of teeth we collected in the prehistoric riverbed reveals that Spinosaurus was there in huge numbers, accounting for 45 per cent of the total dental remains. We know of no other location where such a mass of dinosaur teeth have been found in bone-bearing rock. The enhanced abundance of Spinosaurus teeth, relative to other dinosaurs, is a reflection of their aquatic lifestyle. An animal living much of its life in water is much more likely to contribute teeth to the river deposit than those dinosaurs that perhaps only visited the river for drinking and feeding along its banks.”

Professor Martill worked alongside two students (Aaron Quigley and Thomas Beevor), studying for the Masters Degree in Palaeontology at the university.

Thomas Beevor commented:

“The Kem Kem riverbeds are an amazing source of Spinosaurus remains. They also preserve the remains of many other Cretaceous creatures including sawfish, coelacanths, crocodiles, flying reptiles and other land-living dinosaurs. With such an abundance of Spinosaurus teeth, it is highly likely that this animal was living mostly within the river rather than along its banks.”

Identifying Spinosaurus Teeth

Sorting fossil teeth can be quite a challenging process. However, enough is known about the Kem Kem biota to enable most of the teeth remains to be assigned to a genus or at least at the family level. Numerous theropod dinosaurs are known from this geological formation, but spinosaurid teeth are distinctive. They are conical, lack serrations and are not recurved. Aaron Quigley explained that the teeth of Spinosaurus have a distinct surface. They have a smooth, round cross-section which glints when held up to the light.

A Model of Spinosaurus Introduced in 2019 (Papo Spinosaurus)

Papo Limited Edition Spinosaurus Model. — *The Papo limited-edition Spinosaurus dinosaur model (2019). Depicting Spinosaurus as an aquatic animal with deep, fin-like tail.* *Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

The picture (above) shows the Papo limited-edition Spinosaurus figure.

To view the range of Papo dinosaurs and prehistoric animals: Papo Prehistoric Animal Figures.

The Sigilmassasaurus Confusion

Whilst the prevalence of spinosaurid teeth in the sample might indicate that spinosaurids spent more time in close proximity to the ancient river than other dinosaurs, this research does not represent definitive proof that Spinosaurus was aquatic. It lends weight to the idea.

A large amount of spinosaurid teeth associated with the site, could be a result of some form of depositional bias or general taphonomy. In addition, the paucity of Spinosaurus remains from the Kem Kem Formation has led to controversy over the classification of fossil bones. For example, in 1996 a second genus of spinosaurid was named and described from fossilised cervical vertebrae found close to the Tafilalt Oasis in eastern Morocco.

This dinosaur was named Sigilmassasaurus brevicollis (Russell), but its taxonomic validity remains in doubt. Sigilmassasaurus may be a valid genus, if it is, then it was very closely related to Spinosaurus aegyptiacus. Other scientists think that S. brevicollis is not a valid genus and a junior synonym of Spinosaurus. It is possible that the teeth involved in this study could represent another type of spinosaurid, other than S. aegyptiacus.

Everything Dinosaur acknowledges the assistance of a media release from the University of Portsmouth in the compilation of this article.

Visit the Everything Dinosaur website: Everything Dinosaur.

18 09, 2020

New Rebor T. rex Carcass “Bites the Dust” Pair Plain and Jungle

By Mike|2024-03-15T16:58:51+00:00September 18th, 2020|Categories: Dinosaur Fans, Everything Dinosaur News and Updates, Everything Dinosaur Products, Main Page, Photos of Everything Dinosaur Products, Press Releases|0 Comments

Rebor T. rex Carcass “Bites the Dust” Pair Plain and Jungle

The Rebor T. rex carcass “Bites the Dust” models are in stock at Everything Dinosaur. These two figures (jungle and plain colour variants), have arrived at our warehouse and team members have been busy contacting all those customers who asked to be emailed about the latest additions to our inventory and the Rebor range.

A Rebor Tyrannosaurus rex Carcass Model Plain Colour Variant “Bites the Dust”

Rebor T. rex Carcass Bites the Dust - Plain. — *The Rebor Tyrannosaurus rex dinosaur model in 1:35 scale. The Rebor T. rex carcass “Bites the Dust” – plain.*

The Tale of a Theropod Dinosaur that Met Its Demise

From the pathology recorded on the fossilised bones of this apex predator, palaeontologists are fairly certain that T. rex had a very tough life. It was a question of kill or be killed and it has been suggested that tyrannosaurs were cannibalistic and that these dinosaurs had to cope with vicious intraspecific combats, essentially fights with other tyrannosaurs, possibly over hunting territories, mates or kills.

As hypercarnivores most likely specialising in the hunting of large prey animals such as hadrosaurs and ceratopsians, attacks could go wrong, with perhaps fatal consequences. We congratulate Rebor for creating such carefully crafted figures.

Visit the Everything Dinosaur website: Everything Dinosaur.

The Rebor T. rex Carcass

The Rebor T. rex carcass is available in two colour variants, plain (see photograph above) and jungle (see below). Each figure measures around 34 cm in length and depicts a dead Tyrannosaurus rex. They will make really exciting additions to a dinosaur model collection and provide an opportunity for model makers to build some amazing prehistoric animal dioramas.

A Rebor Tyrannosaurus rex Carcass Model Jungle Colour Variant “Bites the Dust”

Rebor T. rex carcass - "Bites the Dust". — *The Rebor T. rex carcass in the jungle colour scheme (Bites the Dust).*

The Queen Motif Continues

Collectors of Rebor models will notice that the rock group Queen motif continues with the introduction of these two fine figures. In the spring of 2019, Rebor introduced a pair of T. rex replicas under the title of “Killer Queen” a possible homage to a track and later a single from the British rock band’s “Sheer Heart Attack” album from the mid-1970s. Queen released a single entitled “Another One Bites the Dust” in 1980, it was a worldwide hit, reaching number 7 in the UK singles chart and topping the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. We think these two fabulous fatality figures will prove to be a big hit with model collectors and fans of Rebor too.

Everything Dinosaur is Offering the Pair at a Special Discounted Price (Whilst Stocks Last)

Two Rebor replicas. Buy the pair! — Buy the Pair – purchase the Rebor T. rex carcass “Bites the Dust” colour variants plain and jungle. Everything Dinosaur customers can purchase the pair at a special discounted price (whilst stocks last). *Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

The Rebor T. rex carcass “Bites the Dust” plain and colour variants can be found here: Rebor Models and Figures.

16 09, 2020

CollectA Deluxe Lisowicia Video Review

By Mike|2024-03-15T16:30:34+00:00September 16th, 2020|Categories: Adobe CS5, Dinosaur Fans, Everything Dinosaur Products, Everything Dinosaur videos, Main Page, Photos of Everything Dinosaur Products|0 Comments

CollectA Deluxe Lisowicia bojani Video Review

Everything Dinosaur has created a short video review of the new for 2020 CollectA Deluxe Lisowicia bojani model. As well as reviewing the figure, we have provided an outline of some of the science behind the discovery and naming of this huge, Late Triassic dicynodont. In the video, (it lasts just over ten minutes), we also discuss a “secret” Placerias replica and pose the question which prehistoric animal models would you put in a diorama with these two members of the Dicynodontia?

Everything Dinosaur’s Video Review of the CollectA Deluxe Lisowicia bojani Model (Dynamic Dicynodonts)

Video credit: Everything Dinosaur

A Dicynodont Duo

There are not that many dicynodont models made by mainstream manufacturers. Creatures from the Triassic tend to be somewhat underrepresented in model ranges when compared to prehistoric animals that lived during the Jurassic or Cretaceous. However, fans of the Dicynodontia have two protomammals to choose from. There is the CollectA Deluxe Lisowicia bojani, which was introduced this year (2020) and an eye-catching Placerias replica to add to your collection.

A Dicynodont Duo – Lisowicia and Placerias

CollectA Lisowicia and a Placerias model. — *The CollectA Deluxe Lisowicia bojani model (background) and a Placerias replica (foreground).* *Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

The CollectA Deluxe 1:20 scale Lisowicia bojani model can be found in this section of our website: CollectA Deluxe Prehistoric Life Models and Figures.

Model Measurements

In the short video review, we measure the two models and comment on their size and scale. The CollectA Deluxe Lisowicia replica measures around nineteen centimetres in length, stands approximately 7 cm high at the shoulder and that high-arched back is more than 10 cm tall. The Placerias figure, is smaller, it measures about 10 cm in length and it stands around 5 cm high. The sizing is apt, as although Placerias was a large dicynodont, it would have been dwarfed by the elephant-sized Lisowicia, should a Placerias ever encounter one.

Measuring a Prehistoric Protomammal – The Tale of the Tape (Lisowicia bojani)

Measuring the CollectA Deluxe Lisowicia model. — *In the Everything Dinosaur video review the CollectA Lisowicia replica is measured.* *Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur.*

Picture credit: Everything Dinosaur

The Everything Dinosaur website: Everything Dinosaur.

The CollectA Deluxe Lisowicia bojani Helping to Inform and Educate

One of the aims of our videos is to help explain some of the science behind the prehistoric animal that a particular figure might represent. In our video review of the Lisowicia, we highlight where the fossils of this giant dicynodont were found and what other fossils were discovered in association with the remains.

Thanks to the thousands of bones that have been excavated from the Lisowicia dig site, researchers have been able to build up a comprehensive picture of the many different types of animals that co-existed with L. bojani. For example, the narrator comments upon the discovery of the archosaur Smok wawelski and points out the difficulties in classifying this predator as either a member of the Theropoda or a rauisuchid – a diverse group of predatory archosaurs that sit on the crocodilian segment of the Archosauria family tree.

To view Everything Dinosaur’s YouTube channel: Everything Dinosaur on YouTube. We recommend that you subscribe to our YouTube channel.